1. |
Structure and bonding in organic molecules. (allowance 2/2) |
|
a. |
Ionic and covalent bonds. |
b. |
Atomic, hybrid and molecular orbitals. |
c. |
Electron effects. |
d. |
Kinetics and thermodynamics of organic reactions. |
|
2. |
Alkanes and cykloalkanes. (allowance 4/4) |
|
a. |
Structural and physical properties of alkanes . |
b. |
Stability of radicals and radical substitution reactions of alkanes. |
c. |
Conformational analysis of alkanes and cycloalkanes. |
d. |
Stereoisomerism. Enantiomers, diastereoisomers , absolute configuration and Fischer projection. |
|
3. |
Unsaturated hydrocarbons. (allowance 6/6) |
|
a. |
Structure, physical properties and reactivity of alkenes. Electrophilic and radical addition reactions. Regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity of reactions. |
b. |
Dienes, delocalized electron systems and energy of conjugation. |
c. |
Electrophilic attack on butadiene, kinetic and thermodynamic control of reaction. Stereoselectivity of cycloaddition reactions. |
d. |
Structure of alkynes, regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of addition reactions. Acid-base reactions of terminal alkynes. |
|
4. |
Aromatic compounds. (allowance 4/4) |
|
a. |
Aromaticity and structure of benzene. |
b. |
Electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene. |
c. |
Effects of substituents on relative rates and regioselectivity of electrophilic attack. |
d. |
Reactions of substituents on benzene ring. |
|
5. |
Structure and reactivity of alkyl- and arylhalides. (allowance 4/4) |
|
a. |
Mechanisms and stereochemistry of nucleophilic substitution reactions. Effect of structure of substrate and reaction conditions on the nucleophilic substitution. |
b. |
Elimination reactions E1 and E2. |
c. |
Structure and reactivity of organometallic compounds Mg, Li, Zn and Cu. |
|
6. |
Hydroxy derivatives. (allowance 6/6) |
|
a. |
Structure and physical properties of alcohols. |
b. |
Substitution and elimination reactions of alcohols, nucleophilic rearrangements. |
c. |
Structure and reactivity of phenols. |
d. |
Physical properties, structure and reactivity of ethers. |
e. |
Sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers. |
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