Institute of Information Engineering, Automation, and Mathematics

Course unit code:

422T2_4I

Course unit title:

Technical Means of Automation

Mode of completion and Number of ECTS credits:

Exm (5 credits)

Course supervisor:

prof. Ing. Miroslav Fikar, DrSc.

Name of lecturer(s):

P. Bakaráč, M. Furka, M. Kalúz (2020/2021 – Winter)
P. Bakaráč, M. Kalúz (2019/2020 – Winter)
M. Kalúz (2018/2019 – Winter)
M. Kalúz (2017/2018 – Winter)
M. Kalúz (2016/2017 – Winter)
M. Kalúz (2015/2016 – Winter)

Learning outcomes of the course unit:

Students get acquainted with the existing technical means of automation for control of technological processes in chemical and food industry with commonly used sensor, actuators and industrial control systems.

Prerequisites for registration:

none

Course contents:

Introduction to the course (allowance 2/2)

a.	Presentation of course's topics
b.	Fundamentals of electricity and electric signals

Sensors - measurement of process quantities (allowance 8/8)

a.	- Static and dynamic characteristics of sensors - measuring range, sensitivity, offset and drift, precision and accuracy, resolution, linearity, hysteresis, stability, measurement errors, dynamic responses of sensors, sampling frequency.
b.	Temperature sensors - bi-metal sensors and actuators, liquid and gas thermometers, thermistors, resistive temperature detectors, thermocouples, transducers and transmitters.
c.	Pressure sensors - types according to a measuring range, manometers, mechanical pressure sensors, strain gauges, load cells, diaphragm capacitive and strain pressure sensors, vibronic pressure sensors.
d.	RC circuits and noise filters - harmonic signals in time and frequency domain, useful signal, noise, RC circuits, transfer function of 1st order RC low-pass filter, Bode magnitude plot, design of filter for noise suppression.
e.	Measurement of mechanics and physical properties of fluids - point-level and continuous level sensors: floats and displacers, electromechanical switches, hydrostatic pressure sensors, capacitive level measurement, time-of-flight level sensors; flow measurement: differential pressure flow meters, electromagnetic flow meters, Coriolis principle, ultrasound flow meters, vortex flow meters, variable area and volumetric flow meters, thermal flow meters.

Actuators - control of technological processes (allowance 6/6)

a.	DC motors - electromagnetism; force and quantities of rotary motion; electric power and efficiency; important properties of motors; brushed and brushless DC motor; relation between voltage, speed and torque of DC motor; speed control; pulse width modulation; servomotors; stepper motors.
b.	AC motors - single/three phase alternating current; AC generator; rated AC voltage; single phase and three phase induction motor; synchronous motor; speed of AC motors; control of AC motors; variable frequency drives.
c.	Valves and pumps - Valves: rotary element valves, globe valves, solenoid valves, types of actuators, important properties of valves, pressure loss and pressure recovery, water hammer; Pumps: roto-dynamic pumps, positive displacement pumps, important properties of pumps, pump and pipe characteristics, cavitation, selection of a pump.

Industrial control systems (allowance 10/10)

a.	Introduction to digital control systems - Boolean algebra, logical and arithmetic operations.
b.	Programmable logic controllers (PLC) - types of PLCs, properties of PLCs, principle of operation, hardware architecture, I/O modules, physical and logical types of memory, memory manipulation and addressing, data types in PLC, operation cycle.
c.	PLC programming, ladder logic and ladder diagrams - basic elements of ladder logic (LAD), logical operations in LAD, set/reset blocks, timers, counters, mathematics in PLC, data management, operations with data, mathematical functions.
d.	Program organization in PLC - architecture of PLC's operating system, organization blocks and their execution priority, function and data blocks, control of technological process using an organized program.
e.	Industrial networks - levels of control in industrial plants, data buses, network topologies, physical media of industrial networks, industrial communication protocols, Modbus TCP, Modbus RTU, HART, Profibus, Profinet, selection of an industrial network.
f.	Digital implementation of control - closed control loop, continuous and discrete control, real-time execution of control tasks, derivation of a discrete PID controller, position and velocity form of PSD.

Recommended or required reading:

Recommended:

Kuphaldt, T. R.: Lessons in Industrial Instrumentation, 2008 - 2018

Planned learning activities and teaching methods:

lectures, laboratory exercises

Assesment methods and criteria:

exam

Language of instruction:

Slovak, English

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Institute of Information Engineering, Automation, and Mathematics

ECTS: Technical Means of Automation

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